PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS

 

 

Publication Record

 

Sabra, R., H. Khuri, G. Beshara, N. El-Bizri, and L. Sharaf. 2000. Post-junctional mechanisms involved in the potentiation of cardiac adrenergic responses by cocaine. European Journal of Pharmacology 397 (1):139–150.

Sabra, R., and S. Shuman.2001. Influence of phenobarbital on changes in Na(+) handling, hemodynamics and liver function due to partial portal vein ligation in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 413 (2–3):287–294.

Sabra, R., L. Zeinoun, L. Sharaf, R. Ghali, G. Beshara, and H. Serhal.2001. Role of humoral factors in, and influence of, a liposomal formulation on acute amphotericin B nephrotoxicity. Pharmacology and Toxicology 88 (4):168–175.

Sawaya, J.I., C. Jazra, F. Farhat, S. Alam, E.V. Eid, and R. Sabra.2000. In-hospital mortaltiy after acute myocardial infarction in Lebanon: Incidence, associations and influence of newer treatment regimens. Lebanese Medical Journal 48 (2):63–69.

 

 

Abstracts, Conferences, and Proceedings

 

Sabra, R. April 2001. Influence of captopril on development of Na retention in cirrhotic rats. Federation of the American Societies for Experimental Biology, Orlando, Florida, USA.

Sabra, R., and H. Khuri. June 2000. Post-junctional mechanisms in the potentiation of cardiac adrenergic responses by cocaine. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Simaan, Joseph A. June 2000. Nitric oxide role in the vasodilator effect of acetylcholine in the coronary vascular bed explored in the cat heart-lung preparation. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

———. March 2001. The role of nitric oxide in the metabolically-induced increase in coronary outflow by norepinephrine and phenylephrine. Experimental Biology 2001, Orlando, Florida, USA.

 

 

Graduate Theses and Projects

 

Puzanian, H. May 2001. The role of nitric oxide in the metabolically-induced increase in coronary outflow by norepinephrine and phenylepherine. J. A. Simaan.

 

 

Research Projects

 

Role of phosphodiesteases 1 and 5 (PDE 1 and 5) in control of vascular ton

Specific inhibitors of PDE 1 and 5, which are localized to the smooth muscle cells of vascular tissue, are being used to explore the role of the two isoforms in control of vascular tone and vasodilation secondary to nitric oxide release.  The studies use isolated aortic rings, in-vivo whole animal work, to measure hemodyanmics and biochemical techniques in order to characterize changes in the expression of these isoforms.  The role of the drugs in animal models of hypertension will be explored. Sabra, R., and C. Lugnier (Strassbourg, France)

Completed or in progress at AUB and Université Louis Pasteur

 

Influence of thymulin on hepatic failure induced by galactosamine in rats

Thymulin is an immunomodulating hormone which, at high doses, inhibits, and at low doses, enhances, the production of cytokines, specifically interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor.  Fulminant hepatic failure is a condition associated with high mortality, for which no specific medical therapy is available. Bothinterleukin-1 and TNF are believed to play a major role in its pathogenesis. The present proposal explores the effect of varying doses of thymulin on survival, and the extent of liver injury induced in a model of fulminant hepatic failure in rats induced by galactosamine.  The effects of thymulin on changes in cytokine levels induced by the disease, as well as biochemical, pharmacological, and histological markers of liver damage will be examined. Sabra, R. (PL), B. Safieh-Garabedian, and A. Sharara.

Supported by URB

 

Old indigenous plants in Lebanon: Studies on the pharmacology and safety of indigenous plant extracts with potential medicinal uses

This is a collaboration with investigators from the Faculties of Arts and Sciences and Agriculture and from universities in Ohio, USA.  The aim of this particular part of the project will be to conduct pharmacological and safety studies on extracts of plants which have been studied with regard to their potential for development in Lebanon, and extracts of which have been shown, by other members of the team, to possess some biological activity (anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, or antibacterial). Sabra, R., S. Talhouk (PL), E. Barbour, H. Mohtasseb, R. Baalbaki, E. Abu Fakhr Hammad, Gh. Hamadeh, B. Saab, N. Hwalla, and R. Talhouk.

Supported by Mercy Corps
Completed or in progress at Ohio State University and University of Toledo

 

Nitric oxide and myocardial contractility

The role of nitric oxide in the control of myocardial contractility, induced by the sympathetic system using norepnephrine (NE) as a representative, was explored in the modified cat heart-lung preparation. Contrary to reports in the literature, blockade of the synthesis of nitric oxide by nitro-L-arginine was associated with a derease in myocardial contractility induced with NE. Confirmation of  this finding and exploration of the underlying mechanisms are in progress. Simaan, J.A. (PL), and J. Matar.

Supported by AUB
Completed or in progress at AUB

 

The potentiative effect of the sympathetic system on the coronary vasodilatation produced by nitroglycerine

The effect of nitroglycerine on the coronary vascular bed  and coronary outflow was explored in the cat heart-lung preparation , modified to measure coronary outflow. Doses of nitroglycerine, which produce minimal effects on coronary outflow, were markedly potentiated and produced a significantly greater increase in coronary outflow during a concomitant infusion of norepinephrine. Nitroglycerine produces its vascular effects by donating nitric oxide molecules. The mechanism involved in this potentiative effect is under exploration. Simaan, J. A. (PL), and J. Matar.

Supported by AUB
Completed or in progress at AUB

 

The role of nitric oxide in the metabolically-induced increase in coronary outflow by norepinepherine and phenylephrine

The effect of infusions of norepinehrine (NE) and phenylephrine (PE) on coronary outflow, and the role of nitric oxide in mediating this effect were explored in the cat heart-lung preparation, modified to measure coronary outflow. NE and PE increased coronary outflow, and this increase was completely blocked by nitro-L arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It may be concluded from this study that nitric oxide production mediates the metabolically-induced coronary dilatation and increase in coronary outflow due to NE and PE, without the participation of other mediators, such as adenosine. Simaan, J. A. (PL), and H. Puzanian.

Supported by AUB, Lebanese National Research Council, and Diana Tamari Sabbagh Research Fund
Completed or in progress at AUB