ANIMAL SCIENCE PUBLICATION RECORD Barbour, E.
K., N. E. Bejjani, N. J. Daghir, O. M. Faroon, M. Bouljihad, and R.
Spasojevic. 2000. Induction of early immunopotentiation to fimbriae of
Salmonella enteritidis (SE) by administering thymulin and zinc to
SE-vaccinated chicken breeders: Relationship to protection. The Journal of
Veterinary Medical Science. Barbour, E. K., M. Boulijihad, B. Hamdar, W. Sakr, A. Eid, and B. Safieh-Garabedian. 1999. Dynamics of protein 27 of avian leukosis virus and Transforming growth factor ß2. Veterinary Research Communications. Barbour, E.
K., L. H. El Jurdi, O. M. Faroon, N. J. Daghir, and M. Bouljihad. 2000. Chronological recognition by chicken of
antigenic polypeptides in Salmonella enteritidis with different plasmid
profiles: Relationship to infection rate. The Journal of Veterinary
Medical Science. Barbour, E.
K., L. H. El Jurdi, R. Talhouk, M. Qatanani, A. Eid, W. Sakr, M. Bouljihad,
and R. Spasojevic. 1999. Emergence of Salmonella enteritidis outbreaks in
broiler chickens of Lebanon: Epidemiologic markers and competitive exclusion
control. Scientific and Technical Review Journal (Journal of the
World Animal Health Organization). Barbour, E.
K., S. K. Hamadeh, and A. Eid. 2000. Infection and immunity in broiler chicken
breeders vaccinated with a temperature sensitive mutant of Mycoplasma
gallisepticum and impact on performance of offspring. Poultry Science.
Barbour, E.
K., S. Husseini Salman, A. Eid, W. Sakr, and S. K. Hamadeh. 2000. Medicinal
herbs in feed: A holistic approach for growth promotion, protection against
Salmonella enteritidis, and immunopotentiation against bursal disease virus
in broiler chicken. Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical
Association. Barbour, E.
K., R. Tannous, L. El Jurdi, and C. Issa. 2000. Preliminary attempts towards
production of table eggs free from Salmonella enteritidis. Journal of
Cleaner Production. Barbour, E.
K., N. Usayran El-Khatib, I. C. Al Haddad, D. A. Iytani, A. M. Eid, S. K.
Hamadeh, and B. Safieh-Garabedian. 2000. Macrophage recruitment and
activation: A model useful in comparison of resistance to Salmonella
enteritidis in different broiler breeds. Scientific and Technical Review
Journal, Journal of the World Organization for Animal Health. Bistanji,
G., S. K. Hamadeh, S. Hajj Hassan, F. Tami, and R. Tannous. 2000. The
Potential of agro-industrial byproducts in Lebanon as feeds for livestock. Livestock
Research for Rural Development. Darwish, M. R., S. K. Hamadeh and M. Sharara. Economic sustainability of dry land use: The case study of Irsal, Lebanon. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture.
Farran, M. T., G. W. Barbour, M. G. Uwayjan, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2001. Metabolizable energy values and amino acid availability of vetch (Vicia sativa) and ervil (Vicia ervilia) seeds soaked in water and acetic acid. Poultry Science 80:931–936. Farran, M. T., P. B. Dakessian, A. H. Darwish, M. G. Uwayjan, H. K. Dbouk, F. T. Sleiman, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2001. Performance of broilers and production and egg quality parameters of laying hens fed 60% raw or treated common vetch (Vicia sativa) seeds. Poultry Science 80:203–208. Farran, M. T., R. F. Khalil, M. G. Uwayjan, R. N. Hajj, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2000. Performance and carcass quality of commercial broiler strains. J Appl. Poultry Res. 9:252–257.
Farran, M. T., M. G. Uwayjan, A. M. A. Miski, N. M. Akhdar, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2000. Performance of broilers and layers fed graded levels of sesame hull. J Appl. Poultry Res. 9:453–459. Hamadeh, S. K., G. N. Bistanji, M. R. Darwish, M. Abi Said, and D. Abi Ghanem. 2001. Sustainability of small ruminants production in semi-arid areas of Lebanon. Small Ruminant Research.
Hamadeh, S.
K., P. G. Hatfield, R. W. Kott, B. L. Robinson, and B. S. Sowell. 2000.
Effects of breed, sex, birth type and colostrum intake on cold tolerance in
newborn lambs. Sheep and Goat Research Journal 16-2.
Hamadeh, S.
K., P. G. Hatfield, B. L. Robinson, N. J. Roth, and R. W. Kott. 2000. Alpha acid glycoprotein (AGP) as an early
indicator of stress in newborn lambs. Sheep and Goat Research Journal 16-2.
Hamadeh, S. K., R. Zurayk, F. El-Awar, S. Talhouk, D. Abi Ghanem, and M. Abi Said. 1999. Farming system analysis of drylands agriculture in Lebanon: An analysis of sustainability. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 15:33-43. Usayran, N., M. T. Farran, H. H. O. Awadallah, I. R. Al-Hawi, R. J. Asmar, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2001. Effect of added dietary fat and phosphorus on the performance and egg quality of laying hens subjected to a constant high environmental temperature. Poultry Science 80:1695 –1701. ABSTRACTS, CONFERENCES, AND PROCEEDINGS Abi Saab, S., F. T. Sleiman, W. M. ElKareh, and H. Farah. 2000. Effect of synchronization method and type of inseminating catheter on conception rate of Awassi ewes raised under different management systems. Proceedings of the Second Scientific Conference of Agricultural Sciences, Assiut, Egypt. Barbour, g. W., A. H. Darwish, M. T. Farran, N. N. Usayran, M. M. Beck, H. H. Machlab, M. G. Uwayjan, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2001. Apparent metabolizable energy of drought tolerant barley cultivars as affected by enzyme supplementation. Poultry Science 80 (Supplement 1):168. Barbour, G. W., M. T. Farran, and A. H. Darwish. 2000. The effect of varying dietary oil, crude protein, and metabolizable energy on performance and carcass yield of female broiler chickens. Poultry Science 79 (Supplement 1):15. Daghir, N. J., M. T. Farran, and G. W. Barbour. 2000. Broiler response to equicaloric high oil corn and normal corn diets with added oil. Poultry Science 79 (Supplement 1):67. Farran, M. T., S. W. El-Kadi, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2000. Performance and egg quality parameters of commercial layers fed graded levels of acetic acid treated vetch seeds. Poultry Science 79 (Supplement 1):114. Farran, M. T., N. J. Daghir, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2000. Performance and egg quality of hens fed 0.1% dietary metal amino acid chelates. Poultry Science 79 (Supplement 1):17. Farran, M. T., w. s. Halaby, F. T. Sleiman, M. G. Uwayjan, and V. M. Ashkarian. 2001. Effect of treated ervil (Vicia ervilia) diets on the performance of layers. Poultry Science 80 (Supplement 1):327. Sleiman, F.
T., N. I. Abi Aad, M. G. Uwayjan, and M. T. Farran. July 2000. Effect of
feeding gapevine silage on apparent digestibility and performance of small
ruminants. American Dairy Science Association, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Sleiman, F. T., M. B. Jamil, M. M. Sidahmad, M. G. Uwayjan, and M. T. Farran. July 1999. Potential of potato vegetation as silage for small ruminants. American Dairy Science Association, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. GRADUATE THESES AND PROJECTS Abi Aad, N.
I. February 2000. Digestibility and fermentative characteristics of ensiled
pruned vine. F. T. Sleiman, M. T. Farran, A. Miski, and M. G. Uwayjan. Bistanji, N. G. October 1999. Sustainability of small ruminants production in semi-arid areas of Lebanon. S. K. Hamadeh, F. Sleiman, M. Farran, and M. R. Darwish. El-Bejjani,
N. E. May 2000. Influence of fat soluble vitamin administration on dairy milk
composition and alfa-tocopherol content. F. T. Sleiman, M. T. Farran, I.
Toufeili, and M. G. Uwayjan. El-Kadi, S. 2000. Performance and egg quality of commercial
layers fed graded levels of acid treated vetch
seeds. M. T. Farran.
RESEARCH PROJECTs Antimicrobial and immunopotentiation activities in indigenous medicinal plants of Lebanon Screening of selected plant extracts for immunopotentiation and antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria causing diseases in different anatomical systems of the human and animal bodies. Barbour, E. K., V. Sagherian, S. Husseini, and S. Talhouk. Supported by Mercy Corps Organization, USA Identification and control of predominant animal disease in Lebanon The study of the role of interaction between infectious
bursal disease virus and chicken infectious anemia virus on incidence of
inclusion body hepatitis in broilers is concluded. In addition, the study of
the impact of broiler breed on immunity and resistance to infection by
Salmonella Enteritidis is completed. Future investigation will focus on the
epidemiology and control of pneumovirus in broiler breeders and their
offspring. In addition, a development of a live vaccine against Salmonella
Enteritidis infection in commercial layers will be attempted. Medicinal herb
preparation will be developed and evaluated in poultry as a growth promoter
and immunopotentiator against SE infections and other pathogens. Barbour, E.
K., R. Talhouk, B. Garabedian, S. Hamadeh, and S. Husseini. Supported by URB Nutritional quality of locally produced oil seed meals for poultry Oil extraction plants in Lebanon and in the region are producing large quantities of oil seed meal and selling it to feed mills. To the best of our knowledge, the nutritional value of these oilseed byproducts has not been determined. Knowledge of the nutritional quality of such relatively cheap feedstuffs will help local poultry producers to partially overcome the high feed cost. Experiments are being conducted at the Agricultural Research and Education Center of the American University of Beirut to assess the nutritional quality of locally produced soybean and safflower meals for poultry. Barbour, G. W., and M. T. Farran. Supported by LNCSR In progress at AUB The effect of mycotoxin adsorbents on broiler
performance under experimental and field conditions in Lebanon. Feed-related problems
associated with the poor quality of feedstuffs, especially those due to
aflatoxin constitute a major cause of profit loss to poultry growers. Feed
additives in broiler diets might be considered as a means to alleviate or
prevent the absorption of these toxic compounds, thus decreasing bird
mortality and increasing the profitability of boiler operations. Furthermore,
offering the consumer aflatoxin-free broiler products is essential due to its
well known carcinogenic activity. Hence, experiments will be conducted in the
field and/or at the Agricultural Research and Education Center of the
American University of Beirut to compare the efficacy of Mycosorb to
hydroxyaluminosilicates in reducing aflatoxin activity in meat-type bird
diets. The proposed research project could assist broiler producers in
Lebanon and elsewhere by increasing their profits and conforming to human
safety standards. Daghir, N. J., and M. T. Farran. Supported by LNCSR In progress at AUB Metabolizable energy of some drought resistant barley varieties. Experiments were conducted to determine the TME, TMEn, AME, AMEn, and apparent and true amino acid availability of three drought-tolerant barley varieties: Litani, Rihan and Pamir. The study showed that metabolizable energy values of all three barley varieties were comparable but lower than that of corn. The true availability of some amino acids, however, was lower in Litani and Rihan only. Darwish, A. H., M. T. Farran, G. W. Barbour, and N. Usayran. Supported by LNCSR Ad
libitum feeding of ervil diet as an alternative to the fasting method for
induction of molt in laying hens Induced molting increases the productivity of hens and improves egg quality parameters but subjects birds to behavioral and physiological stress, leading to increased mortality rate. Animal welfare societies and activists have considered this practice as an appalling treatment to animals. Consequently, the search for a more humane practice has become necessary. Experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research and Education Center of the American University of Beirut to develop a molting program using dietary ervil seeds, fed ad libitum to laying hens as an alternative to the fasting method. This research project could assist poultry producers in Lebanon and elsewhere by increasing their profits, and could result in a molting program that will comply with the demands of animal welfare activists. Farran, M. T., N. J. Daghir, and G. W. Barbour. Supported by LNCSR
Improving small ruminant production in
Lebanon
The livestock sector plays an important role in the economics of the Near East countries, especially sheep, goats and cattle. During the last decade, small ruminant production in the Near East region has been facing serious constraints, mainly feed deficit. A study was conducted in marginal areas of Lebanon to assess the feasibility of four small ruminant production systems ranging from settled to semi nomadic using a cost benefit analysis technique (CBA). The CBA revealed negative returns in three out of four systems. Only the settled system was profitable. The inclusion of labor cost as an opportunity cost may have inflated the total cost with negative effects on feasibility. Moreover, the financial analysis revealed that feed expenses if coupled with grazing costs are major constraints on feasibility of production.
Supported by Mashreq/Maghreb Project-International Center for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas Completed or in progress at AUB Sustainable improvement of marginal lands in Lebanon
Arsal A case study Phase I
Supported by International Development Research Center Completed or in progress at AUB The potential of potato vegetation as silage for ruminants Potato is currently considered a major crop in Lebanon.
However, the benefit from this crop depends mainly on tuber yield. The main
objective of this project was to make use of potato vegetation (shoot) as
feed, in the form of silage, for ruminant animals without affecting tuber
yield and quality. To achieve this goal, harvested vegetation (2 days before
tuber harvest) was ensiled in black plastic bags with or without freshly
chopped corn forage (FC) or ground yellow corn (GYC) and fed to ram lambs in
a digestibility trial. Results showed that pH of ensiled treatments
significantly decreased (P<0.05) as the percentage of FC and GYC increased
in the mixture. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), ether extract
(EE), crude fiber (CF), and crude protein (CP), and body weight change (BWC)
were significantly lower (P<0.05) for the potato shoot treatment; however,
silage dry matter intake was not affected (P>0.05). Digestibility trials
of silages containing GYC showed that apparent digestibility of DM, CF, CP,
and nitrogen free extract (NFE) was significantly decreased (P<0.05) as
the percentage of supplemental GYC decreased. It was concluded that potato
shoot (PS)-based silage was palatable and well accepted by lambs, performed a
desirable fermentation and did not adversely affect animal performance.
Furthermore, the digestibility of PS silage was improved when ensiled with FC
or GYC. Sleiman, F. (PL), M. Sidahmed, and M. Uwayjan. Supported by URB The effect of oligosaccharides on broiler performance under experimental and field conditions in Lebanon The increased concerns
for chemical residues in broiler meat has led scientists to search for
alternatives to antibiotics commonly used as growth promoters in broiler
operations. Bio-Mos, a mannan-based oligosaccharide, is reported to have a
negative impact on the gut pathogens, thereby improving bird performance and
stimulating immune response. Experiments were conducted at the Agricultural
Research and Education Center of the American University of Beirut and in the
Marjayoun area to compare two commercial growth promoters with Bio-Mos. This
project would assist producers in solving growth promoter-related problems,
increase profitability, and comply with human safety standards. Usayran, N.,
M. T. Farran, and A. H. Darwish. Supported by LNCSR |